How OLEDs Work

An organic light-emitting diode (OLED) display comprises thin layers of individual carbon-based (hence "organic") elements that emit light when electric current is passed through them (electroluminesence). These elements, or pixels, can be turned on or off independently and can create multiple colors and a fluid, smooth-edged display. They are self-emitting, requiring no backlight, and therefore are very thin and have low power requirements (2 to 10 volts). They also provide a wide viewing area, approximately 160 degrees, far superior to other available flat-panel displays. Because OLEDs do not need the backlighting usually provided by mercury lamps, they do not face the same concerns and possible regulations about disposal. In simplest terms, full-color active matrix means the electronics that control the display are built right on its substrate. That greatly reduces power requirements. To develop OLED manufacturing technology Eastman Kodak Co. and Sanyo Electric Co. Ltd. are partnering with ULVAC Japan Ltd., a global supplier of high-vacuum systems and equipment.